Science & Math, Science & Mathematics 

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1883 edition. Excerpt: ... _ Fig. 12. Fruit--a Berry, containing a number of Seeds. Fig. 13. Single Seed with its covering or Testa. It may be remarked that in Baneberry, where the Carpels are reduced to their lowest number, viz., one, the fruit becomes an attractive Berry, which is eaten by animals, and so the Seeds are deposited under the most favourable conditions. PLATE X1II.--BARBBB.B.Y (Berberis vulgaris) and POPPY (Papaver Rhoaaa). Barben'y. The common Barberry is remarkable for its leaf-spines and its irritable stamens. The Leaf-spines (see Cryptogams, Pl. XVI.) are hard woody pointed structures, bearing in their axils the branches reduced to tufts of leaves. The Stamens stand out from the Carpel and lie in the hollow of the petals. If a stamen is touched at the base, with a pin for instance, it curves forward towards the centre of the flower; and it is evident that when an insect visits the honey-glands, situated at the base of the petals, it will irritate the stamens, get dusted with the pollen, and possibly be hurried ofl‘ in alarm to the next flower. The connection of the Barberry with Rust of Wheat is shown in treating of that Fungus. Fig. 1. Inflorescence--a Raceme, as in Baneberry. Fig. 2. Flower showing twelve honey-glands--in pairs--at base of each petal, and the Stamens close to the petals. Diagram I.--Barberry--Parts of the flower in three’s; Gynoecium being single. Diagram II.--Epimedium--Parts of the flower in two’s; Gynwcium being single. Fig. 3. Stamen with Anther opening by Valves. The irritability of the stamens can easily be tested in species of Barberry or Mahonia, common in shrubberies. The Field Poppy, so common in fields and waste places, has a conspicuous scarlet flower. If the flower is examined while still wrapped... - from Amzon